Product Background: Lead is recognized as a highly hazardous environmental pollutant. The use of product with lead content exceeding the standard level causes many diseases. During the past years, the applications of lead in battery, electronics, petrochemical, paint and coating, ceramic and glass, rubber and plastics industries have resulted in wide range of lead pollution in family and working locations. Now, more and more regulations have been established to control the environmental problem of lead pollution, such as RoHS Directive of EU, the Act 65 of California in US, the Administrative Measure on the Control of Pollution Caused by Electronic Information Products in China, and etc. All these laws and regulations have respectively stipulated mandatory limits on lead content of products. The regular method of lead detection, which requires the test sample to be tested in a laboratory, is time wasting and expensive with complicated operation, and due to the damage to the test piece, only sample test is possible. According to the above situations, we developed the lead fast testing reagent cooperated with ITS CHEMICAL, INC. at 2006, it can carry on the fast screening test to the lead ion.
Product Theory: Use the specific high-sensitivity reagents, it can generate chemical reaction with lead ion and turn to bright pink.
Product Use: Used in rapid qualitative test for whether different kinds of products contain lead or not . For example: solder, paints and coatings, ceramic ware, alloy, toys, jewelry, electronic products, clothing accessories etc.
Product Features:
1. Fast detection, easy to operate, cost effective, obvious results, portable design, safe and non-toxic, nondestructive testing.
2. It can be used in qualitative testing and pre-test for containing lead or not.
General Method of Using:
1. Clean the dust and dirt from the surface of the material to be tested.
2. Insert the swab into the powder of the lead fast testing reagent in vial A and stir several times, then pull out the swab（the surface of the swab attached with some powder）.
3. Drip 1- 2 drops of lead fast testing reagent from vial B onto the above mentioned swab (if the soaked swab turns light yellow on the local area, the reaction is activated and then the activated swab shall be used within 2 minutes).
4. Rub the swab several times against the surface of material to be tested. If the swab appear bright pink color   , lead present on the surface of the material at hazardous level(any pink colors indicate the presence of lead and the thicker of the color appeared, the higher the lead content is , and the pink color will not fade within several hours); If only yellow or other colors but not pink color appeared on the swab, lead is not present on the surface of the material to be tested or not up to the hazardous level(yellow and other colors will fade gradually).

Note: Prior to testing, the products to be tested shall be separated into basic units. Both the decoration layer and substrate will be tested respectively for the material surface with decoration layer. Since the lead content on the surface of the material may not be evenly distributed, it is recommended to test different areas of same material—more than 5 different areas is preferred.
The Energization method(Specific condition)：
Since today’s regulation is increasingly strict with the lead content controlling, with a prevailing requirement lower than 1000 ppm, 600 ppm or even lower. In order to detect the micro lead content of the material to be tested, our company has introduced a innovative method of increasing the sensitivity of the testing through energization with 9V batteries. This method is used for the testing of metallic material. The procedures are as follows:
1. Sand the surface of the material to be tested with sandpaper, then wipe it clean with alcohol, to minimize the testing error.
2. Also wipe clean the negative pole（with black wire）of the battery with alcohol.（Always wipe it clean before every test.）
3. Drip a droplet of reagent (3mm in diameter) from Vial B onto the surface of the material to be tested.
4. Contact the positive terminal (with red wire) of a 9V battery with the material to be tested, the negative terminal (with black wire) shall contact with the surface of the droplet(Do not contact the surface of the material) Energize the material for at least 30 seconds.
5. Dip the swab into Vial A and stir several times to attach some powder on the tip.
6. Dab the swab with powder at the energized droplet.
7. If a pink or light pink color appeared at the swab, lead present at the surface of the material to be tested. A lead content as low as several hundred ppm can be detected this way.
Note: The accuracy of the testing varies with the size of the droplet，the sufficiency of the electricity，time of energization，ingredient and surface condition of the material, so every test shall be done in a consistent way to find the pattern. The testing data of different material are yet to be verified through further testing. All wires and swabs used must be lead free.
Cautions:
1. This Vial B is of weak acidity. If eye contact or skin contact occurs, rinse with water.
2. For more accurate lead content data, please send the test piece to a specialized laboratory to test.
3. For detailed description of common used material, see the application examples.
Liability: The manufacturer and its authorized agents are free from any liabilities due to taking by accident of children and misunderstanding or misuse of the users. If nickel contamination is suspected based on this test, consult an analytical testing laboratory and take the necessary precautions.
Appearance: Vial A: white powder      Vial B: watery liquid
Package of the Product: LDPE bottle.
Specifications: Vial A: 1gram      Vial B: 8 ml
Product standard: QB-TCS-HMTK-2006
Validity: 1 year
Store: Store in the cool and keep away from child.
Manufacturer: NINGBO THAILE CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD.
Website: http://8qqos3p5ki.com      http://nbtlhg.1688.com

Application Examples of Lead Fast Testing Kit

1. Solder:
Typical lead solder has a lead content equal to or greater than 37%，while non-lead solder，which was introduced for adaptation to ROHS standard of EU,is required to contain 0.1% of lead or less. The lead testing reagent has a minimum sensitivity of 0.2% when used for the testing of solder, thus when typical lead solder is being tested, the reagent will rapidly turns a bright pink color whereas when non-lead solder is being tested, it will not turns pink. So, this reagent is used in fast screening for lead and non-lead solder (sometimes a purple or black color is developed and faded by degrees, indicating a high tin content). There are two specific application methods: A. Direct method (see the general method described above): the phenomenon is obvious but the chemical residues may affect the performance of the element being tested. B. Indirect method:1. Rough up the surface of the material being tested with fine sandpaper. 2. Vigorously rub the area to be tested several times with a swab. 3. Spray some powder from vial A onto the rubbed area of the swab. 4. Drip 1-2 drops of the reagent from vial B onto the swab tip. If the soaked area of the swab tip turns light yellow, the reaction is activated. If the area rubbed with the solder rapidly turns pink or light pink, lead is present at a hazardous level. Otherwise, lead is not present or not up to the hazardous level. This method is not as obvious as direct method, but will not cause any damage to the material to be tested.
2. Jewelry:
Some jewelries are made through casting of lead alloy and surface treatment, some are decorated with brightly colored lead-containing enamel, pigments, glazes or paintings. Touching both types of jewelries can be dangerous. More lead will enter into the blood stream when children put their hands, or sometimes the jewelry itself, in their mouths. For testing of these two types of jewelries, different method can be used with the lead testing reagent. As for the first type, the outer layer need to be cut through to expose the base material, then the general method may be used for testing. As for the second type, the testing can be directly done on the surface to be tested. If the lead testing reagent turns pink or light pink, lead is present at a hazardous level. Otherwise, lead is not present or not up to hazardous level.
3. Toys:
The application examples of toys are the same as those of jewelries.
4. Clothing accessories:
The processed surface or substrate of the products such as button, zipper, rivet, belt fastener, and label and other clothing accessories may sometimes contain lead. Surface will detected only following the general method; while to the substrate, firstly burnishing will be conducted to make the substrate completely exposed, and then general method will be applied.
5. Glaze：
Lead-containing glaze is widely used in the production of pottery，porcelain enamel, and etc. . Lead glazes produces bright, smooth and glossy surface that is pleasing to the eyes and easy to clean. However, if a glaze is incorrectly formulated or improperly fired during the production process, hazardous levels of lead may leach out from the glazed ceramic ware. Even if the ceramic ware is qualified, the glazes may break up due to long time use or damage and the lead can then leach out. During the test of these products, if a pink or light pink color appears on the lead testing reagent, lead is present at hazardous level. Otherwise, lead is not present or not up to hazardous level. The testing should focus on bright colored glaze, cracks and notches.
6. Copper alloy :
Copper alloys of some grades, such as lead brass, contain certain level of lead. These alloys may be used to manufacture faucets, handles, keys and ornaments, etc. . Lead may leach out from any of these products which may leave a lead residue on the hand when touched. This is especially dangerous for young children. Under this circumstance, lead testing reagent can be used to determine if a copper product contains lead. If lead testing reagent turns a pink or light pink color and will not fade（the orange color created by copper ions will fade gradually）, lead is present at hazardous level. Otherwise, lead is not present or not up to hazardous level. Only gentle dabbing of the swab is needed for this test.
7. Paints:
Paints are widely used on surface of various materials for decoration and protection. The lead content of paints is mainly from the lead compound contained in the pigments, such as litharge lead oxide yellow, red lead and lead white, etc. . Since it’s these lead-containing pigment that keep the bright colors of the paints long-lasting, the brighter the color of a paint is, it is more likely to have a large lead content. A. As for household application, the lead-containing paints applied to the surface of furniture, floor,wall,doors and windows, decorations, stationeries and toys are the major sources of lead pollution. The lead testing reagent can be used to determine if a paint contains lead. Before testing, clean dust and dirt from the surface of the paint , then cut a small notch on the surface to expose all the painted layers down to the base material, and then proceed with the general method mentioned above. If the lead testing reagent turns pink or light pink, lead is present at hazardous level. Otherwise, lead is not present or not up to hazardous level( If a bright orange color is developed, the result is negative for lead but positive for barium, which is sometimes added to the paints as an extender. If first a pink and then a jacinth color is developed, the result is positive for both ). B. In engineering field, where red lead (trilead tetroxide) is used as rust inhibitor for most of the bridges and steel structures, the lead testing reagent will appear bright red during the test. To avoid false positive result, a contrast test may be done , in which another swab only dripped with reagent from vial B is used to rub against another notch several times. Because the bright pink color of the lead testing reagent is different from the rust like color of the red lead and the swab with a positive result for lead appears a red color thicker than that of the contrast group(this contrast test can also be used for testing of red paints).C. Most of the marine paints and industrial paints contain lead-chrome pigments. Paints that contain lead-chrome pigments usually appear golden, red, orange or and some green colors. Paints of less bright colors usually contain no lead-chrome pigments. Lead testing reagent can be used to detect the lead content of such paints, but with longer time of color development. Sometimes it takes 20 hours or longer for a color variation to occur.
8. PVC:
Polyvinyl Chloride（PVC）is widely used in the world, usually for the manufacture of leatheroid, wire jacket, water main, wallboard, case of business machine, package of electronic product, food package, etc. . However, since the manufacture of most PVC products require the addition of lead salts as stabilizer, which leach out over time during the service and cause pollution. When used to build water mains, PVC brings about even higher potential hazard to human health. The lead testing reagent can be used to determine if a material contains lead. If the lead testing reagent turns pink or light pink, lead is present at a hazardous level. Otherwise, lead is not present or not up to hazardous level.
9. Dust:
Lead-containing dust is a primary cause of lead poisoning. Lead testing reagent can be used to determine if the lead content of dust of any surface exceed the standard level. A. Where dust can be directly collected, as for the furniture , floor, etc. , the method is as follows: 1.  Collect some dust with a piece of clean tissue paper. 2. Spray some powder from vial A onto the dust. 3. Drip 1 or 2 drops of reagent from vial B to the powder. If the soaked tissue paper turns light yellow on local area , the reaction is activated. If it rapidly turns pink or light pink,lead is present at hazardous level; otherwise lead is not present or not up to hazardous level. B. Where dust is not suitable for direct collection, as for human skin, clothing, etc. , the method is :1 Dip the swab into the pure water and then squeeze out redundant water. 2. Apply the soaked swab onto the surface to be tested. 3. Spray some powder from vial A to the swab attached with dust. 4. Drip 1 or 2 drops of the reagent from vial B to the above mentioned swab. If swab tip turns light yellow, the reaction is activated. If dust attached area turns pink or light pink,lead is present at hazardous level. Otherwise , lead is not present or not up to hazardous level.

These are only the typical application examples for lead testing reagent, for other applications please determine the testing method based on practical situation or consult NINGBO THAILE CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD.